On September 1, 1965, tensions between Pakistan and India escalated into military confrontations, marking the beginning of a significant conflict between the two nations.
The day began with Indian authorities arresting seven Pakistani civilians in Kanpur, despite their possession of valid legal documents. This action was part of a series of measures targeting Pakistani citizens, which had drawn criticism from Indian political leaders against the Shastri government.
Pakistan’s Minister of Information, Khawaja Shahab-ud-Din, issued a warning to India regarding aggression along the Kashmir Line of Control.
The situation intensified when four Indian Vampire fighter jets from Pathankot attempted to attack Pakistani forces and air defenses. Pakistani forces successfully intercepted the attack near Chamb, shooting down the aircraft. One pilot who ejected was captured as a prisoner of war after parachuting into Pakistani territory.
Air Marshal Nur Khan, head of the Pakistan Air Force, personally witnessed this engagement. Following this incident, India reportedly withdrew 130 Vampire aircraft from the Pakistani border to prevent further losses.
India attempted to increase military pressure in the Rajouri, Mandi, Sonamarg, and Srinagar sectors, but Pakistani forces resisted these efforts.
These events occurred against a backdrop of rising tensions since April 1965, with India mobilizing its forces along the Pakistani border.
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